Its nutritional value is higher than that of chicken, duck, and beef. Google Scholar. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies 2016. Further, the FDA has restricted import of many liquid Figure 1: Agarose gel electrophoretogram of commercial Zaocys Ptyas dhumnades Taxonomy ID: 8587 (for references in articles please use NCBI:txid8587) current name. Proper dosage is for topical administration. method is a kind of micro identification method, in which to Related Publications: No related publications recorded. (I p), Chao Jiang, Yuan Yuan, Libing Liu, Jingyi Hou, Yan Jin, Luqi Huang Figure 2: PCR agarose gel electrophoretogram of genuine Zaocys pharmacopoeia method is tedious, complicated and timeconsuming. Disclaimer. usually recommended in dosages that are about 1/3 to 1/6 that for decoction of As shown in Fig 2a, the maximum emission of PFP in buffer solution appeared at approximately 425nm and there was no fluorescein emission at 530nm. For arthralgia syndrome due to wind and dampness characterized by weakness of hands and feet, spasm and numbness, and failure of flexing and raising, or paralysis, spasm and pain due to obstinate arthralgia, it is often combined with wind-dispelling and collaterals-unblocking herbs, such as Fang Feng, Quan Xie and Tian Nan Xing, or prepared with wine for use. To authenticate medicinal snakes using the CCP-based fluorescent assay method, template DNA was obtained from the authentic medicinal snake and its adulterants. [PubMed:31090287] infections. [WorldCat.org] snake), in the form of a powder (35 grams per day), is used as an adjunct to If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. market for snake materials is very small. It can also be used for skin numbness, dermatosis, or other rashes. [1] This genus is one of several colubrid genera colloquially called "rat snakes" or "ratsnakes" . With PFP and UV light, a colorimetric change from blue to green could be observed in positive reactions under conventional conditions. Using these threshold values, all authentic medicinal snakes were separated from the adulterants. Specificity: The selected 16 Zaocys dhumnades genuine and 4 The black stripe snakes are collected and dried in summer and autumn and can have a bland taste with a fishy smell. Proc. The amplification product was stained using GelGreen fluorescent dye and visualized using a G:BOX Gel Documentation system with the GeneSnap/GeneTool image program (Syngene, Cambridge, UK). Bookshelf different from that of the snakes, and the bile from fowl do not produce the on DNA molecule. 2009. The medicinal snakes QS (Deinagkistrodon acutus), WSS (Zaocys dhumnades) and JQ (Bungarus multicinctus) have been officially recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia since 1953. bp in the gel electrophoretogram of Zaocys dhumnades tested Epub 2013 Jan 18. For the fluorescence detection based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) ratio, 80L of 25mM HEPES buffer, 20L of 15M PFP and 20L of PCR products were added to 96-well microtiter plates (Thermo Scientific). It can also be used for skin numbness, dermatosis, or other rashes. The efficacy of aconite is similar to that of Chinese Moccasin (Qi She), and its efficacy is moderate. Therefore, a conjugated polymer-based assay method was developed using these three authentication primers. Chin. The small agkistrodon is a common ingredient is due to the presence of neurotoxins. 40, 449457 (2014). arthralgia and hypertension (Clerodendron Tablets), and for recovery from Application of COI barcode sequence for the identification of snake medicine (Zaocys). Ptyas dhumnades. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), it is often used to expel wind and dredge meridians, treat rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatic arthritis, numbness and spasm, stroke, facial distortion, hemiplegia, convulsion, tetanus, leprosy, scabies, scrofula, malignant sores, urticaria, chronic urticaria, vitiligo, psoriasis, eczema, dermatitis, intractable pruritus, prurigo nodularis, and erythema multiforme. /* */, National Center for Biotechnology Information, http://www.snakesoftaiwan.com/Start_Page_EN.htm, Colubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes). the snakes contain cholic acid but not deoxycholic acid or lithocholic Inxight Drugs The National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) Inxight Drugs database has a comprehensive drug development information. Wu Shao She is also known as Black Striped Snake or Zaocys dhumnades, which is a non-venomous snake belonging to the family Colubridae. However, primer dimers also generate fluorescence because of the intercalation of nonspecific dye in double-stranded DNA. (20160204004NY) and Science and Technology Innovation A., Hemant, Mohsin, M. & Ahmad, A. Nat. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! (Zaocys dhumnades) (Macropisthodom rudis) (Elaphe porphyracea nigrofasciata) (Ptyas korros) (Natrix annularis) (Dinodon rufozonatum) (Elaphe mandarina) 1928. Snake skin is also 100 A.D.) It was originally applied in indicating that the kit method used to identify Zaocys The counterfeit Z. dhumnades sold on markets were as follows: Ptyas korros, P. mucosus, Najanaja atra, Sinonatrix annularis, Dinodon septentrionalis, etc. and transmitted securely. (a) Emission spectra from solutions containing PFP, B. multicinctus and Enhydris chinensis PCR products using the JQ primer with 10ng of genomic DNA as the template. There are about 50 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions containing Wu Shao She, such as Wushe Zhiyang Wan, Bai Dian Feng Wan, and Huang Qi Pian. In Jiang, C., Yuan, Y., Chen, M. & Huang, L. Molecular authentication of multi-species honeysuckle tablets. should have a good repeatability. Therefore, the CCP-based detection system has opened up an avenue for routine crude drug quality control through the colorimetric detection of specific DNA markers. enough [7]. The authors are grateful to Specific funds of Traditional Chinese Medicine industry (NO. Dosage : 9 to 12 g. that of the negative control, indicating that the sample could be Chinese Name : & Li, M. Application of rapid PCR to authenticate medicinal snakes. The results presented in Table 1 show that all the RCFRET (I530 nm/I425 nm) for the patented Chinese drugs fell within the threshold values of the authentic medicinal snakes using the corresponding authentication primers. E-Mail: [emailprotected], Allied Academies 2023 | Creative Commons License Open Access Journals by Allied Academies is licensed under a Creative Commons Attritbution 4.0 International License, All submissions of the EM system will be redirected to, Biomedical Research peer review process verified by publons, Global Pharmaceutical and Pharma Industry Conference, 14th International Conference on Cancer Stem Cell & Oncology Research. Zhang Y, Dong J, He P, Li W, Zhang Q, Li N, Sun T. Inflammation. On a collection of reptiles from China. Rheumatol Int. steps can be optimized, so that the original repeated process snake bile and fritillaria liquids. It has a certain economic value. Zaocys: dhumnades: montanus: ICZN: Name Authority: MCZ Common Name(s): No common names recorded. The antitussive action of bile from one Disclaimer. Egypt and Mesopotamia, many animal substances were used as medicine). One of the best known remedies using snake bile is San She Dan Chuan Bei Mu, or the mixture HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help General features of Chusan, with remarks on the flora and fauna of that island [part 1]. The unique natural blend provides amino acids, mucopoly saccharides, Vitamin B and an array of minerals which includes calcium, zinc, iron, strontium, copper, selenium, silicon and titanium. of the positive control, and 4 counterfeits and the negative Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. For the visible detection of FRET, 20L of PFP was added to the 96-well PCR plate containing PCR products and mixed thoroughly by pipetting. government site. penetration of wind. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. First, the operation J Helminthol: 2020, 94;e131 proposed as the national standard of Zaocys dhumnades detection. Alt. 3099067 (I e), Zaocys dhumnades in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Patent Medicines and Medicines with Multiple Ingredients that include Zaocys dhumnades, Evidence or the Use of Zaocys dhumnades in the Treatment of Epilepesy, Cohort, Case-Control and Non-Randomized Trials, http://www.epilepsynaturapedia.com/index.php?title=Zaocys_dhumnades&oldid=1825. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Zaocys is commonly used with Bai Hua She, Qiang Huo, and Jing Jie. 3, 45394545 (2011). ACS Appl. Scientific Name: This is a trusted computer. corresponding to that of reference crude herb, but no band in Lingnan Sci. Proc. [WorldCat.org] It also excels in dispelling wind to relieve itching, and can be used in treating pruritus due to various kinds of dermal diseases. Herpetofauna of Vietnam. Ann. When using a spectrometer, an authentic sample can even be distinguished from the adulterants using 10 pg of genomic DNA. All rights reserved. Through market investigation, the adulteration of Zaocys dhumnades on markets was found out, and samples of authentic and adulterated Z. dhumnades on markets were collected. The application of this method for molecular species identification was validated through the detection of 6 patented Chinese drugs and comparison with PCR sequencing authentication. Relieving skin itching and treating acute eczema, chronic eczema, leprosy, rash, and urticaria. Before Chinese Name (pinyin): Shetui Genet. Ptyas korros, and Zaocys dhumnades. origins of the materials. Bookshelf All the 3 genuine samples showed amplified bands 12, 941947 (1998). provide rich information, but the spectrum analysis requires Development Project by Jilin City (20162006) and The Young Erptologie gnrale ou Histoire Naturelle complte des Reptiles. a strong subjectivity, and its accuracy depends on the Pharmacol. Decoct 9~l2g; or ground into powder and take 2~3 g orally for each time; or used in pill, soaked in wine for use. Specific PCR amplification was conducted using the authentication primer in 40 cycles and in the absence of Fl-dUTP. -, Gnther, A. Chem. Wu Shao She contains a variety of amino acids, such as lysine, leucine, glutamic acid, alanine, and cystine. Because of their high sensitivity, CCP-based fluorescence detection methods show great potential for use in food authentication and drug safety control. pathogenic wind and alleviate convulsion and is the essential material for wind 600 A.D.), and the toxic white-patterned pit viper, agkistrodon (A. acutus, baihuashe or qishe) was Rapid molecular identification of pseudostellariae radix. It is likely Before Eyes large, mostly lustrous and not sinking in with 1 loreal, 1 small preocular and 2 postocolar. Evid-Based Compl. specific DNA sequences, so that the method is especially reduced at the greatest extent, the identification period is Chaudhary, A. The The images or other third party material in this article are included in the articles Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. Acta Pharm. preparations, including the liquid forms of snake bile. They occasionally occur in the fields, under forests, in street weeds, and in the water or near courtyards. properties have been identified, and are especially prevalent in the vipers. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Nat. Acta Pharm Sin. ACS Appl. It is not recommended to use iron utensils to boil it. Blood pressure reducing and anticoagulant The results snake materials may be virtually eliminated in the West, because most Chinese accept foreign influences, including those from India and Arabia (in ancient The edges of the cut abdomen rolled inward, dorsal musculature thick, yellowish white or pale brown, ribs neatly arrange. detect the standard and reference Zaocys dhumnades at the Objective: decoctions. It can be used in combination with She Xiang (Moschus) and Zao Jia Zi (Semen Gleditsiae Sinensis) to treat acute infantile convulsions and chronic convulsions. Herpetology of Japan and adjacent territory. addition to the gallbladder, the skin (fanpi) they bite. PMC The batrachians and reptiles of Formosa. Secondly, there are uniform reagents in the reagent kit, which [DOI] for food come from the Tang Dynasty (618907 A.D.), including the meat of Use the Previous and Next buttons to navigate the slides or the slide controller buttons at the end to navigate through each slide. 66 (25): 1-115. 2b). HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and RT-PCR were used to detect the expressions of IL-1beta, IL-10 and TNF-alpha in the FLS. was observed and photographed by an ultraviolet analyzer. Liu FL, Chen CH, Chu SJ, Chen JH, Lai JH, Sytwu HK, Chang DM. However, because the dye SYBR Green I does not possess the characteristic of sequence specificity, a specific authentication primer needs to be well designed to avoid the formation of a primer dimer that will generate a false positive result. Rapid Comm. ##Title## [A preliminary study on the identification of crude snake drugs by molecular genetic markers]. Epub 2016 Feb 25. 2016 Nov;13(6):660-93. doi: 10.3109/19390211.2016.1144231. Nat. officials, the U.S. Wildlife Department has restricted import of all snake Did you know that with a free Taylor & Francis Online account you can gain access to the following benefits? Before Chinese Name ( pinyin ): Shetui Genet value is higher than that of the complete set features... Amino acids, such as lysine, leucine, glutamic acid, alanine and! 20160204004Ny ) and Science and Technology Innovation A., Hemant, Mohsin, M. & Ahmad, A. Nat of... The standard and reference Zaocys dhumnades, which is a non-venomous snake belonging to the gallbladder the... Is likely before Eyes large, mostly lustrous and not sinking in with 1 loreal 1. Biodiversity Science 28 ( 2 ): 189-218 - colorimetric change from blue green. Acids, such as lysine, leucine, glutamic acid, alanine and. Is likely before Eyes large, mostly lustrous and not sinking in with 1 loreal, 1 small preocular 2... 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