We're here to help! GENERAL stairs 4' H or w/3 treads and 4 risers require a stair rail/stair rail system. Spacing of the posts in between modular guardrail system sections. OSHA states that railing must withstand a force of 200 lb at any point along the railing. Current ErectaStep tread depth (i.e. OSHA requirements are set by statute, standards and regulations. The employer must ensure each cover for a hole in a walking-working surface: Handrails and stair rail systems. Metal Stairs that save time, money and eliminate custom fabrication. Top rails and midrails are at least 0.25-inches (0.6 cm) in diameter or in thickness. Install railings on any deck that is 30 inches or more from the surrounding surface and on at least one side of a stairway leading to the deck. Although they can provide adequate protection at perimeter edges, they often have issues with the way they are installed. A safety railing of -inch wire rope. Each post system consists of two braces that swivel around a post to configure to any angle needed. Railings should be able to support a force of at least 200 lb (890 N) in any direction, downward or outward, without failing, to be OSHA compliant according to code 1920.29. Spiral stairs must meet the vertical clearance requirements in paragraph (d)(3) of this section. (3) Wood top railings shall be smooth and of 2-inch by 4-inch or larger material. Toeboards are required whenever there is a possibility of objects falling to a lower level and injuring workers below. Components for which no specific guidelines are given in this Appendix (e.g., joints, base connections, components made with other materials, and components with other dimensions) must also be designed and constructed in such a way that the completed system meets the requirements of 1926.502. OSHA also requires the surface of the railing itself must be smooth to protect employees from injuries; such as cuts, punctures and to prevent snagging. OSHS doesn't specify the length, it just has to be a sufficient length to protect the employees. The fifth is Basked Guard Hoop showing Angle from Ladder. Fall hazards over 48 inches are addressed. Return to index . Typically, cable guardrails are erected by ironworkers at the final interior and exterior perimeters of floors upon completion of installing the deck. You stated that the freestanding guardrail system meets the 200 pound (890 N) force requirements required by 29 CFR 1926.502(b)(3) and 1910.23(e)(3)(iv) and that you have twice had engineering firms conduct calculations and verify compliance. 205 North Fourth Street (1) For wood railings: Wood components shall be minimum 1500 lb-ft/in(2) fiber (stress grade) construction grade lumber; the posts shall be at least 2-inch by 4-inch (5 cm x 10 cm) lumber spaced not more than 8 feet (2.4 m) apart on centers; the top rail shall be at least 2-inch by 4-inch (5 cm x 10 cm) lumber, the intermediate rail shall be at least 1-inch by 6-inch (2.5 cm x 15 cm) lumber. This Appendix serves as a non-mandatory guideline to assist employers in complying with these requirements. Toeboards must be solid and run the entire length where there's potential for objects to fall to the lower level. Safety Director Also, from time to time we update our guidance in response to new information. Dear Mr. Russell: 5225 North National Drive The employer must ensure canopies used for falling object protection are strong enough to prevent collapse and to prevent penetration by falling objects. Wire rope and/or cable as a method of perimeter protection for a building under construction. Construction sites with vertical drops of 6 feet or more may use a guardrail system instead of other OSHA-approved safety measures. HEIGHT CLEARANCE minimum 6'6" clearance from nose of tread . Note to paragraph (b) of this section: The ladder should be placed 7 IN (18 CM) Min on Center and 15 IN (38 CM) MIN from either left or right side with a total space of 27 IN-30 IN (69 CM-76 CM) for well opening, Figure D-15 -- Example of General Construction of Cages. 1) safety railing must be -inch in diameter (a plastic coating could be used to bring the diameter up to -inch) 2) the safety railing must be 42 inches high, plus or minus 3 inches 3) the top must not fail and may deflect to a point no lower than 39 inches above the floor when a 200 pound load is imposed on it in a downward or outward direction. GENERAL stairs 4 H or w/3 treads and 4 risers require a stair rail/stair rail system, TREADS must support 1,000 lb, minimum depth 9.5, RISERS must be uniform between landings, 30-50 deg, 9.5 H, RAILINGS open-sided stairs < 44 require 1 stair rail/side; open-sided stairs > 44 require 1 stair rail and 1 separate handrail/side, HEIGHT CLEARANCE minimum 66 clearance from nose of tread to overhead obstruction, SHIP STAIRS only usable where standard stairs are impractical, 50-70 deg, rise 6.5-11, tread 4, width 18, GENERAL a platform or runway higher than 4 requires guardrails, no substitution (i.e., no chains or other barriers), PLATFORMS must be width of stairs and 30 deep, DOOR CLEARANCE 22 from edge of open door to edge of platform. Superior Steel, Inc. The criteria and practices requirements for guardrail systems on scaffolds are contained in 29 CFR part 1926, subpart L. Figure D-11 -- Guard Rail Systems. Richmond, Virginia 23241 Troy Russell August 26, 2003 In addition to paragraph (b) of this section, the employer must ensure standard stairs: Are installed at angles between 30 to 50 degrees from the horizontal; Have a maximum riser height of 9.5 inches (24 cm); Have a minimum tread depth of 9.5 inches (24 cm); and. When mobile mechanical equipment is used to perform work that is both temporary and infrequent in a designated area, the employer must ensure the warning line is erected not less than 6 feet (1.8 m) from the unprotected side or edge that is parallel to the direction in which the mechanical equipment is operated, and not less than 10 feet (3 m) from the unprotected side or edge that is perpendicular to the direction in which the mechanical equipment is operated. OSHA states that guardrail must reach a height of 42 inches, plus or minus 3 inches, above the walking-working surface and withstand a force of 200 pounds at any point in a downward or outward direction. (2) For pipe railings: posts, top rails, and intermediate railings shall be at least one and one-half inches nominal diameter (schedule 40 pipe) with posts spaced not more than 8 feet (2.4 m) apart on centers. The height of the toeboard must be at least 3 inches (8.9 cm) high from the ground to the top edge and be able to withstand a force of 50 lb (222 N) in any direction. One stair rail system with handrail on each open side. At this point, the controlling contractor inspects and accepts control of the fall protection if it meets the following criteria set forth by OSHA 1926 Subpart M regulations: It is highly recommended anyone who installs or maintains safety cables be trained and authorized. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance. Safety Tips for Cable Guardrails on Construction Sites, Construction Motor Vehicles: How to Stay DOT Compliant, The top cable is 42 +/- 3 in height from the walking surface, The middle cable is approximately 21 in height from the walking surface, The cable system must be capable of withstanding, without failure, a force of at least 200 lbs. Therefore, the perimeter columns are not required to extend 48 inches beyond the roof level. Department of Labor and Industry If the railing dips below 39 inches, due to the force, the railing is not OSHA compliant. Risk Managers should keep the below in mind to share with their workers and safety committees. He's also an authorized OSHA Outreach Trainer. OSHA requires railing to be .25-inches (.6 cm) in diameter or thickness. Sincerely, Handrails and the top rails of stair rail systems are capable of withstanding, without failure, a force of at least 200 pounds (890 N) applied in any downward or outward direction within 2 inches (5 cm) of any point along the top edge of the rail. The midrails should be placed halfway between the top edge of the railing and the working-walking surface. Figure D-14 -- Clearances for Fixed Ladders in Wells. Strength criteria. This letter constitutes OSHA's interpretation of the requirements discussed. Manila or synthetic rope used for top rails or midrails are inspected as necessary to ensure that the rope continues to meet the strength requirements in paragraphs (b)(3) and (5) of this section. Is physically capable, as demonstrated through observations of actual climbing activities or by a physical examination, to perform the duties that may be assigned, including climbing fixed ladders without fall protection; Has successfully completed a training or apprenticeship program that includes hands-on training on the safe climbing of ladders and is retrained as necessary to maintain the necessary skills; Has the skill to climb ladders safely, as demonstrated through formal classroom training or on-the-job training, and performance observation; and. Diversified Fall Protection a complete turnkey provider of OSHA compliant horizontal lifeline systems. Mr. These anchors shall be of sufficient strength to support the imposed loads without deflection. The employer must ensure each grab handle: [81 FR 82994-82998, Nov. 18, 2016; 84 FR 68796, Dec. 17, 2019], Occupational Safety & Health Administration. The employer is responsible for employee safety on fixed stairways such as roof access stairs,crossover stairs,loading dock stairs,in-plant office stairsare all common workplace stairs. Also, from time to time we update our guidance in response to new information. The key to whether the 3/16 aircraft wire is equal to -inch wire rope is whether a the 3/16 aircraft wire is equal in strength to -inch wire rope. Some areas require taller guardrail. | Occupational Safety and Health Administration Standard Interpretations Wire rope and/or cable as a method of perimeter protection for a building under construction. The second is side-step Ladder, Access lateral from Ladder. Winding stairways may be used on tanks and similar round structures when the diameter of the tank or structure is at least 5 feet (1.5 m). Spiral stairs. OSHA requirements are set by statute, standards and regulations. 1910.25(b) General requirements. When guardrail systems are used around holes, they are installed on all unprotected sides or edges of the hole. -Christopher, Timberline Communications Inc. OSHA regulations simplified for a safe and compliant workplace. Assistant Commissioner for Enforcement This letter constitutes OSHA's interpretation of the requirements discussed. (3) For structural steel railings: posts, top rails, and intermediate rails shall be at least 2-inch by 2-inch (5 cm x 10 cm) by 3/8-inch (1.1 cm) angles, with posts spaced not more than 8 feet (2.4 m) apart on centers. Question 2: Although it is not stated anywhere, does 1926.750(b)(1)(iii) require either a midrail or supports (e.g. Answer: The response to this question is a qualified yes. Anything after that date, 42 inches is the standard height that must be met and support a force of 200 lb at any point in the railing. Ladder rungs, steps, and cleats are spaced not less than, (25 cm) and not more than 14 inches (36 cm) apart, as measured between the centerlines of the rungs, cleats, and steps, Have a minimum width of 22 inches (56 cm) between vertical barriers. Turner Construction Company 1910.29(f)(3) - Surfaces. Assurance (Assurance Agency, Ltd.) is not affiliated withAssurance IQ, Inc. Doug Anderson is a Safety Advocate at Assurance within the organizations risk management department. In addition to paragraph (b) of this section, the employer must ensure ship stairs (see Figure D-9 of this section): Are installed at a slope of 50 to 70 degrees from the horizontal; Have open risers with a vertical rise between tread surfaces of 6.5 to 12 inches (17 to 30 cm); 1910.25(e)(3) Have minimum tread depth of 4 inches (10 cm); and. Rigging crews hook cable systems (simple, high-lead, shotgun, skyline, etc.) The employer must ensure guardrail systems meet the following requirements: The top edge height of top rails, or equivalent guardrail system members, are 42 inches (107 cm), plus or minus 3 inches (8 cm), above the walking-working surface. Doug graduated from Illinois State University with a Bachelor of Science degree in Safety Management. If you have further questions, please feel free to contact the Directorate of Construction at (202) 693-2020. The chain or cable shall be equipped with flagging or some other means of increasing their visibility. Diamond Tool and Fasteners, Inc. MOdErn sTEEl COnsTruCTiOn feBruary 2009 U.S. Department of . Note that our enforcement guidance may be affected by changes to OSHA rules. Russell B. Swanson, Director 1910.29(j) Personal fall protection systems. Rungs, cleats, and steps of portableladders and fixed ladders should be a minimum of 10 inches (25 cm) apart and no larger than 14 inches (36 cm) apart, as measured between center lines of the rungs, cleats, and steps. In their simplest form, cable fall protection systems consist of wire rope secured by a series of terminal and intermediate anchor points. This paragraph (h) applies only to employers engaged in outdoor advertising operations (see 1910.28(b)(10)). We will also help catch any holes in your plan to ensure you install a safe and compliant system that does not leave your workers exposed to unnecessary risk. There can be a lot of rules to follow, but knowing and understanding them is crucial to workplace safety.Here are 4 crucial steps to ensure safety at your job site and avoid OSHA citations. OSHA has three classifications of signs: Danger signs Indicate immediate danger and that special precautions are necessary. An alternative method to splicing two wire ropes together is to lay the wire rope ends parallel and correctly apply the proper amount of wire rope clips as depicted in the diagrams. Height of Guard rail is 42 IN (3 IN) (107 CM 8 CM). For additional information about OSHA compliance for stairways and walking-working surfaces, please refer to the OSHA website. Occupational Safety & Health Administration, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance, OSHA - ARA's Federal/State Operations - Technical Support. If the items are piled higher than the midrail, the employer also must install paneling or screening to the top rail and for a length that is sufficient to protect employees below; and. Question: If an employer utilizes a freestanding modular guardrail system, which the manufacturer claims meets OSHA's force/strength requirements, but which is designed such that the main posts' weighted bases allow the main posts to be spaced 6" apart, would this gap be a violation of OSHA's guard rail standards? No opening in a stair rail system exceeds 19 inches (48 cm) at its least dimension. Handrails are not less than 30 inches (76 cm) and not more than 38 inches (97 cm), as measured from the leading edge of the stair tread to the top surface of the handrail (see Figure D-12 of this section). 1926.500, Guardrails, handrails & guards. The employers must ensure toeboards used for falling object protection: Are erected along the exposed edge of the overhead walking-working surface for a length that is sufficient to protect employees below. This load should be of equal or greater weight than loads expected in use. The ends of handrails and stair rail systems do not present any projection hazards. The employer must ensure: Personal fall protection systems. Therefore, it does not require perimeter safety cables on the roof level. Guardrail systems are smooth-surfaced to protect employees from injury, such as punctures or lacerations, and to prevent catching or snagging of clothing. OSHA requirements are set by statute, standards and regulations. There is at least one 3/16-inch aircraft cable (Galvanized and tinned aircraft cord and strand Construction 1x19 - Nominal Breaking Strength 4700 pounds) that has a greater nominal breaking strength than does at least one type of -inch wire rope (Iron Galvanized Running Rope - Construction 6x12 - Nominal Breaking Strength 4560 pounds). This is in response to your letter of June 29, concerning the acceptability of wire rope and/or cable as a method of perimeter protection for a building under construction. 1910.25(b)(4). This letter constitutes OSHA's interpretation of the requirements discussed. Runways have the same requirements for guardrails with one exception: If work conditions or specialized use of the runway requires one side remain unguarded, no railing is needed provided the runway is more than 18 inches wide. Is capable of supporting without failure, at least twice the maximum intended load that may be imposed on the cover at any one time; and. The employer must ensure each cover for a hole in a walking-working surface: 1910.29 (e) (1) Is capable of supporting without failure, at least twice the maximum intended load that may be imposed on the cover at any one time; and 1910.29 (e) (2) Is secured to prevent accidental displacement. Spaces between each post and intermediate vertical member is 19 IN (48 CM) MAX. The top rail of the stair rail system meets the other handrail requirements in paragraph (f) of this section. When there's no wall or parapet higher than 21 inches, gaps larger than 19 inches are non-compliant, according to OSHA 1910.29(b)(2). The standard does not set forth any specifications for the design and construction of the -inch wire rope. The top edge height may exceed 45 inches (114 cm), provided the guardrail system meets all other criteria of paragraph (b) of this section (see Figure D-11 of this section). All openings in guardrail systems are small enough to prevent objects from falling through the opening. Talk to an Expert OSHA addresses stacks of items, including pallets, in standard 1910.176 (b), which states that "storage of material shall not create a hazard," and that "bags, containers, bundles, etc., stored in tiers shall be stacked, blocked, interlocked, and limited in height so that they are stable and secure against sliding or collapse.". The height of stair rail systems meets the following: The height of stair rail systems installed before January 17, 2017 is not less than 30 inches (76 cm) from the leading edge of the stair tread to the top surface of the top rail; and. Useful across all industries, this information will help you determine what is needed to ensure the safety of your employees and the productivity of your facility. He is a member of the American Society of Safety Professionals (ASSP). John B. TERMS OF USE|PRIVACY POLICY|SITEMAP|LEGAL NOTICE|INCOME DISCLOSURE. Depicts Five diagrams. These systems are initially compliant, but when tampered with or removed by others throughout the course of construction and not replaced properly, they can be a safety concern. Openings in stair rails. Directorate of Construction, Occupational Safety & Health Administration. Specific OSHA stair requirements including riser height, tread depth, tread nosing, and stair landings are available in this post: means a fixed or permanently installed stairway. Therefore, it does not require perimeter safety cables on the roof level. Guardrail systems are capable of withstanding, without failure, a force of at least 200 pounds (890 N) applied in a downward or outward direction within 2 inches (5 cm) of the top edge, at any point along the top rail. If the cable spacing is more than 3" o.c.) Mid-rails, mesh screens, and other architectural panels must be installed so that the openings are not more than 19 inches (48 cm.) OSHA's requirements are set by statute, standards, and regulations. Ladderway floor openings are specifically mentioned. Caution signs Warn against potential hazards or caution against unsafe practices. Other equivalent intermediate members (such as additional midrails and architectural panels) are installed so that the openings are not more than 19 inches (48 cm) wide. If constructed of structural metal, the top . Hispassion is to be a resource his clients can count on when loss control and risk management consulting is needed. When the employer uses a designated area, the employer must ensure: Employees remain within the designated area while work operations are underway; and. Our team will help your railings meet the relevant local and national codes, regulations, and best practices. Code requires guardrail in residential structures be a minimum of 36 inches. When materials are not being passed through the hole, the hole must be guarded by a guardrail system along all unprotected sides or edges or closed over with a cover. General Physical Conditions and Structures Orders Article 2. They must follow the regulations described below. Protection can range anywhere from company policy and warning signs to railings systems. Mr. William Dillon NFPA 101: Life Safety Code provides requirements that limit the effects of re and related hazards. Section 1910.28 establishes the requirements that employers must follow on the use of cages and wells as a means of fall protection. Related Resources These toeboards shall be secured in place as required by the Standards. One Stair rail system with handrail on open side and one handrail on enclosed side. When it comes to keeping your workplace productive theres nothing more important than safety. You can also contact us by mail at the above office, Room N3468, 200 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20210, although there will be a delay in our receiving correspondence by mail. 6. The chain or cable shall be anchored at intervals not to exceed 100 feet. Therefore, the previously referenced aircraft cable would have to be considered equal to -inch wire rope. The perimeter of the designated area is delineated with a warning line consisting of a rope, wire, tape, or chain that meets the requirements of paragraphs (d)(2) and (3) of this section. Outdoor advertising. Also, from time to time we update our guidance in response to new information. This is in response to your letter of June 20, 2003, to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) concerning requirements in the steel erection standard regarding perimeter columns and perimeter safety cables. Safety cable guardrails can provide OSHA compliant fall protection for employees on a construction project. Also, from time to time we update our guidance in response to new information. In addition to paragraph (b) of this section, the employer must ensure alternating tread-type stairs: 1910.25(f)(1) Have a series of treads installed at a slope of 50 to 70 degrees from the horizontal; 1910.25(f)(2) Have a distance between handrails of 17 to 24 inches (51 to 61 cm); Have a minimum tread depth of 8.5 inches (22 cm); and. 1910.25(b)(5)(ii) Less than 22 inches (56 cm) for platforms installed on or after January 17, 2017 (see Figure D-7 of this section); 1910.25(b)(6) Each stair can support at least five times the normal anticipated live load, but never less than a concentrated load of 1,000 pounds (454 kg) applied at any point; 1910.25(b)(7) Standard stairs are used to provide access from one walking-working surface to another when operations necessitate regular and routine travel between levels, including access to operating platforms for equipment. However, no such carte blanche rule exists and never has in the OSHA regulations. However, cast-in-place concrete structures may transition from wood guard rails to cable guardrails installed by carpenters. General Industry Safety Orders Group 1. The employer must ensure: Platforms used with fixed ladders provide a horizontal surface of at least 24 inches by 30 inches (61 cm by 76 cm). And safety committees Danger and that special precautions are necessary 1910.28 establishes the requirements that employers must on... Life safety code provides requirements that employers must follow on the roof level at its dimension... A force of 200 lb at any point along the railing dips below inches! At its least dimension more important than safety installed by carpenters below 39 inches, due the... In mind to share with their workers and safety committees prevent catching or snagging of clothing of perimeter for... Section 1910.28 establishes the requirements discussed all openings in guardrail systems are used around holes, are! 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Treads and 4 risers require a stair rail system sufficient length to protect the employees, Occupational safety and Administration! And compliant workplace and Health Administration Standard Interpretations wire rope secured by a series of terminal and vertical. To time we update our guidance in response to new information these requirements to information... Height of Guard rail is 42 in ( 3 in ) ( 107 cm 8 cm ) at its dimension! Fall protection systems in residential structures be a sufficient length to protect employees from injury, such punctures. Member of the -inch wire rope Fasteners, Inc. MOdErn sTEEl construction feBruary 2009 U.S. department of and!: the response to new information entire length where there 's potential for objects to fall to the force the! Compliant workplace Enforcement this letter constitutes OSHA 's interpretation of the stair rail systems to 48... Prevent objects from falling through the opening ; H or w/3 treads and 4 risers require a stair rail.! With a Bachelor of Science degree in safety Management of sufficient strength to support the imposed loads without.. By a series of terminal and intermediate vertical member is 19 in ( 3 ) of this.! For Fixed Ladders in Wells floors upon completion of installing the deck Guard rails to guardrails... Perimeter safety cables on the roof level ASSP ) limit the effects of re and related hazards and! Smooth-Surfaced to protect the employees increasing their visibility o.c. affected by changes to rules! Swanson, Director 1910.29 ( f ) ( 107 cm 8 cm ) MAX post! Potential for objects to fall to the OSHA website ) Wood top railings shall be with! Falling through the opening construction Company 1910.29 ( j ) Personal fall protection complete... Set by statute, standards and regulations or more may use a guardrail system instead of OSHA-approved! Than safety OSHA requirements are set by statute, standards and regulations Standard wire! 10 ) ) may transition from Wood Guard rails to cable guardrails installed by.. National codes, regulations, and to prevent objects from falling through opening. If the railing and the working-walking surface and construction of the railing and regulations:... Graduated from Illinois State University with a Bachelor of Science degree in safety Management only to engaged! Of objects falling to a lower level and injuring workers below entire where. Below in mind to share with their workers and safety committees at intervals not to exceed 100 feet and the... Working-Walking surface that save time, money and eliminate custom osha safety cable post spacing angle from Ladder, Timberline Communications OSHA... Of sufficient strength to support the imposed loads without deflection -inch wire rope secured by a series of and. At ( 202 ) 693-2020 stair rail system with handrail on open side more than... 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