In the Encyclopedia of Chicago, Northwestern University Professor Bill Savage describes Chicago fiction as prose which tries to "capture the essence of the city, its spaces and its people". [citation needed]. [250] These include from the time of the Great Chicago Fire to about 1900, what became known as the Chicago Literary Renaissance in the 1910s and early 1920s, and the period of the Great Depression through the 1940s. With 77 neighborhoods in Chicago, it can feel overwhelming to narrow down safe options. [85] Structural changes in industry, such as globalization and job outsourcing, caused heavy job losses for lower-skilled workers. There are eleven selective enrollment high schools in the Chicago Public Schools,[307] designed to meet the needs of Chicago's most academically advanced students. Night or day, it's a very safe place. [173], According to the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey data estimates for 20082012, the median income for a household in the city was $47,408, and the median income for a family was $54,188. [318], Since the 1850s, Chicago has been a world center of higher education and research with several universities. The city responded by tunneling two miles (3.2km) out into Lake Michigan to newly built water cribs. [230], In 2013, Chicago was chosen as one of the "Top Ten Cities in the United States" to visit for its restaurants, skyscrapers, museums, and waterfront, by the readers of Cond Nast Traveler,[231][232] and in 2020 for the fourth year in a row, Chicago was named the top U.S. city tourism destination. This yields a total of 263 sex offenders in Illinois per 100,000 residents which is 1% less than the national average. ", "Chicago, IL - Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast", "History of the Chicago and Rockford Weather Observation Sites", "Chicago/O'Hare, IL Climate Normals 1961-1990", "Chicago, Illinois, USA Monthly weather forecast and Climate data", "Chicago Growth 18501990: Maps by Dennis McClendon", "It's official: Los Angeles ousts Chicago as No. [188] Additionally, the Chicago metropolitan area recorded the greatest number of new or expanded corporate facilities in the United States for calendar year 2014. City Crime Map Neighborhoods. [169][170] Since the 2013 legalization of same-sex marriage in Illinois, over 10,000 same-sex couples have wed in Cook County, a majority of them in Chicago. Ten years later, he became the secretary and then the president of the first Illinois State Board of Health, which carried out most of its activities in Chicago.[64]. The Potawatomi were forcibly removed from their land after the 1833 Treaty of Chicago and sent west of the Mississippi River as part of the federal policy of Indian removal. [247] Nonetheless, Chicagoans worked hard to create a literary tradition that would stand the test of time,[248] and create a "city of feeling" out of concrete, steel, vast lake, and open prairie. Based on the color coded legend above, the crime map outlines the areas with lower crime compared to the areas with higher crime. On January 1, 2023, the minimum wage in Illinois increased from $12.00 to $13.00 per hour. [24] Henri Joutel, in his journal of 1688, noted that the eponymous wild "garlic" grew profusely in the area. [50][51][52] Much of the city, including railroads and stockyards, survived intact,[53] and from the ruins of the previous wooden structures arose more modern constructions of steel and stone. [177], Non-Christian faiths accounted for 7% of the religious population in 2014. Winters are relatively cold and snowy, although the city typically sees less snow and rain in winter than that experienced in the eastern Great Lakes region. [192] The city is the seat of the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, the Bank's Seventh District. City laws and later, state laws that upgraded standards for the medical profession and fought urban epidemics of cholera, smallpox, and yellow fever were both passed and enforced. These maps can be viewed at the link below. [citation needed], Lakeview is home to Boystown, the city's large LGBT nightlife and culture center. [32][33][34], On August 12, 1833, the Town of Chicago was organized with a population of about 200. Many of the city's financial institutions, such as the CBOT and the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, are located within a section of downtown called "The Loop", which is an eight-block by five-block area of city streets that is encircled by elevated rail tracks. Two of the country's premier academic medical centers reside in Chicago, including Northwestern Memorial Hospital and the University of Chicago Medical Center. Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. [citation needed]. Inventoried Property Notices; [233], Chicago lays claim to a large number of regional specialties that reflect the city's ethnic and working-class roots. The Chicago Tribune, which coined the term, includes the city of Chicago, the rest of Cook County, and eight nearby Illinois counties: Lake, McHenry, DuPage, Kane, Kendall, Grundy, Will and Kankakee, and three counties in Indiana: Lake, Porter and LaPorte. [362], To celebrate the sister cities, Chicago hosts a yearly festival in Daley Plaza, which features cultural acts and food tastings from the other cities. [189] The Chicago metropolitan area has the third-largest science and engineering work force of any metropolitan area in the nation. [226] Most conventions are held at McCormick Place, just south of Soldier Field. The Museum Campus joins the southern section of Grant Park, which includes the renowned Art Institute of Chicago. The Chicago Bears, one of the last two remaining charter members of the National Football League (NFL), have won nine NFL Championships, including the 1985 Super BowlXX. Chicago averaged 1.12 cars per household in 2016, compared to a national average of 1.8.[333]. The Bears play their home games at Soldier Field. Chicago has not reviewed or endorsed any changes, including filters or updates to the title and description. Chicago is also home to the Barack Obama Presidential Center being built in Hyde Park on the city's South Side. Large swaths of the city's residential areas away from the lake are characterized by brick bungalows built from the early 20th century through the end of World War II. The Near West Side holds the University of Illinois at Chicago and was once home to Oprah Winfrey's Harpo Studios, the site of which has been rebuilt as the global headquarters of McDonald's. [179] Since the 20th century Chicago has also been the headquarters of the Assyrian Church of the East. I avoid walking in most areas at night. As well as the mayor, Chicago's clerk and treasurer are also elected citywide. These relationships have sought to promote economic, cultural, educational, and other ties. In the 1980s and 90s, the city was the global center for house and industrial music, two forms of music created in Chicago, as well as being popular for alternative rock, punk, and new wave. [120], Some of the United States' tallest towers are located in Chicago; Willis Tower (formerly Sears Tower) is the second tallest building in the Western Hemisphere after One World Trade Center, and Trump International Hotel and Tower is the third tallest in the country. Chicago (/ko/ (listen) shih-KAH-goh, locally also /ko/ shih-KAW-goh;[6] Miami-Illinois: Shikaakwa; Ojibwe: Zhigaagong) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Illinois and the third most populous in the United States after New York City and Los Angeles. [132], The city lies within the typical hot-summer humid continental climate (Kppen: Dfa), and experiences four distinct seasons. Crime Grade's crime map shows the safest places in the Chicago metro area in green. [361] In some cases, these exchanges have led to further informal collaborations, such as the academic relationship between the Buehler Center on Aging, Health & Society at the Feinberg School of Medicine of Northwestern University and the Institute of Gerontology of Ukraine (originally of the Soviet Union), that was originally established as part of the Chicago-Kyiv sister cities program.[363]. [citation needed], Chicago is currently the setting for Showtime's Shameless, and NBC's Chicago Fire, Chicago P.D. [74], The ratification of the 18th amendment to the Constitution in 1919 made the production and sale (including exportation) of alcoholic beverages illegal in the United States. The City of Chicago was incorporated on Saturday, March 4, 1837,[35] and for several decades was the world's fastest-growing city. [254] Along with Boston, Chicago is the only city to continuously host major professional sports since 1871, having only taken 1872 and 1873 off due to the Great Chicago Fire. [279] During much of that time, the city administration found opposition mainly from a liberal "independent" faction of the Democratic Party. Gordon, Matthew J. In February 1856, Chicago's Common Council approved Chesbrough's plan to build the United States' first comprehensive sewerage system. The Sox are fifth in the American League in all-time wins, and sixth in pennants. In 1966, Martin Luther King Jr. and Albert Raby led the Chicago Freedom Movement, which culminated in agreements between Mayor Richard J. Daley and the movement leaders. Chicago's Western Avenue is the longest continuous urban street in the world. The Puerto Rican-influenced jibarito is a sandwich made with flattened, fried green plantains instead of bread. Jump to a detailed profile, search site with google or try advanced search. The 1920s saw gangsters, including Al Capone, Dion O'Banion, Bugs Moran and Tony Accardo battle law enforcement and each other on the streets of Chicago during the Prohibition era. Woman, 46, shot to death in Grand Crossing on the South Side. He created Lincoln Park by closing a cemetery filled with shallow graves, and in 1867, in response to an outbreak of cholera he helped establish a new Chicago Board of Health. It also has entertainment systems inside the gondolas as well as a climate controlled environment. [12][13], Chicago is an international hub for finance, culture, commerce, industry, education, technology, telecommunications, and transportation. Natural gas is provided by Peoples Gas, a subsidiary of Integrys Energy Group, which is headquartered in Chicago. [158] Chicago's South Side emerged as United States second-largest urban black concentration, following New York's Harlem. This yields a total of 263 sex offenders in Illinois per 100,000 residents which is 1% less than the national average. The University of Chicago Oriental Institute has an extensive collection of ancient Egyptian and Near Eastern archaeological artifacts. A number of statues also honor recent local heroes such as Michael Jordan (by Amrany and Rotblatt-Amrany), Stan Mikita, and Bobby Hull outside of the United Center; Harry Caray (by Amrany and Cella) outside Wrigley field, Jack Brickhouse (by McKenna) next to the WGN studios,[citation needed] and Irv Kupcinet at the Wabash Avenue Bridge. Greyhound Lines provides inter-city bus service to and from the city, and Chicago is also the hub for the Midwest network of Megabus (North America). [288] Violent crime rates vary significantly by area of the city, with more economically developed areas having low rates, but other sections have much higher rates of crime. [268] The building of the boulevard system continued intermittently until 1942. Although the meatpacking industry currently plays a lesser role in the city's economy, Chicago continues to be a major transportation and distribution center. [286], According to reports in 2013, "most of Chicago's violent crime comes from gangs trying to maintain control of drug-selling territories",[287] and is specifically related to the activities of the Sinaloa Cartel, which is active in several American cities. About 18.3% of families and 22.1% of the population lived below the poverty line. 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