Land he sees will do fine for small Farmers of from 1 to 20 hands to make a living on, but to plant extensively or make a fortune I should never come here except on the creeks. Hasnt seen good hogs. The plaintiff was Henrietta Wood, described by a reporter at the time as a spectacled negro woman, apparently sixty years old. The defendant was Zebulon Ward, a white man who had enslaved Wood 25 years before. Plantation records reveal nearly every aspect of plantation life. Wood suffered another, unexpected setback in 1874, when her lawyer was murdered by a client's husband in an unrelated divorce case. Reynolds and Lively got married at Boone Hall Plantation in Mount Pleasant, which features nine slave cabins, referred to as "Slave Street." The move was criticized at the time, but came under . Then, in 1848, Jane Cirode went to a county courthouse and registered Wood as free. Warsaw Indiana Website Design by 1Eighty Digital, 1744 Colonial For Sale In Norwich Connecticut. In 1807, at the death of Benjamin Harrison III (1743-1807), his will divided the . p.4: Some more deaths; notes about wagon loads, presumably of cotton bales; ferriage and tolls on the route to Texas, pp. appreciated. 468 Filed Under: Mississippi Natchez Natchez One user named Treebranch02 wrote last September: Well, I think I found the slave owner that owned my great, great, great grandfather but that is as far as I got. An R. A. Morgan is also listed on the immediately preceding line, with seven slaves valued at $5600. Even the judge who presided over Woods case, Phillip Swing, viewed it narrowly. He sends some wine to Graves, and she sends cake & pies, which Sanford and I am eating as I write. Begins December 30 entry, hunting deer. They note that disenfranchisement and segregation only worsened the racial wealth gap, which was established under slavery and remains today. The Civil War began, followed in 1863 by the Emancipation Proclamation, but Woods ordeal continued. It will not be held responsible or liable for its use and accuracy. Grain and food were raised for local use. Begins September 29 entry. So I find my negroes out of doors, & stock poor, corn high & some difficulty to get it, & separated from my family." Whether she succeeded in that quest is unknownbut she did find a lawyer, Harvey Myers. Begins October 3 entry. Researching a slaveholder's genealogy can be a time-consuming task, but fortunately, there are many genealogies for South Carolina slaveholders . It would have bought 20,000 in Confederate money at that time. Her captors destination was Lexington, Kentucky, where prices for slaves had risen in tandem with the Southern cotton economy. Brandons family was one of the staunchest supporters of the Confederacy in the area. Gerard Brandon, one of the largest slaveholders in the South, bought Wood and took her to his house, Brandon Hall, on the Natchez Trace. It almost makes me sick. Destructive 'Super Pigs' From Canada Threaten the Northern U.S. Did an Ancient Magnetic Field Reversal Cause Chaos for Life on Earth 42,000 Years Ago? Sanderson is also listed in weaver1945, 109, as a Mississippi planter who owned around $222,000 worth of property in Louisiana., Could be a reference to Henrietta Wood. Loundon Co. Duncan, Patricia B. Abstracts of Loudoun County Virginia Register of Free Negroes 1844-1861.Willow Bend Books, Westminster Maryland, 2000. It was four years after the Confederate surrender before Wood was able to return up the river, where she tried to locate long-lost members of her family in Kentucky. The traders put Wood up for sale at Natchez's infamous Forks of the Road slave market. Because the award was small, procedural rules prevented Ward from appealing to higher courts where the verdict might have been more widely noticed. The Brandons had numerous slaves and most likely used them for tobacco growing, resulting the in the prosperity that enabled the construction of the ca. The Week is part of Future plc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. The tract was known as Martin's Brandon. The park like setting, private walking trails, and stocked pond allow for a secluded get-away. In June 1866, The New Orleans Daily Crescent published an announcement that Gerard Brandons wife Charlotte was awarded a separation of property between her and her husband by the Court of New Orleans. She was later removed from the cotton fields and put to work in Brandons house. Cornelias screw worms , such as kill thousands of stock in Texas annually. Poole has been ill for three days. This is terrific. In the 1890s another formerly enslaved woman, Callie House, led a national organization pressuring the government for ex-slave pensions. Then the crops of choice became cotton and indigo. Brandon Hall in Natchez, MS was built by Gerard Brandon and his wife Charlotte (Hoggatt). Article. He says he has made some rough notes of incidents to share with her and intended to send them with Jim (his son) but cannot well do without the book., Based on his diary of the trip, Brandon left in early summer 1863. On my way to camp I called to see Mr.Blackshear, in Springfield, who gives him a very good dinner, pure coffee. Begins August 9 entry: This Holy Sabbath morn finds me near the banks of the Brazos, without meal or meat, because of price gouging and worthless Confederate paper. I am captivated by their character and charm! Major Boone was a successful planter and slave owner, and his plantation . Enough to make a man gloomy. Reads Ellas letter. Not only business operations and day-to-day labor routines, but family affairs, the roles of women, racial attitudes, relations between masters and slaves, social and cultural life, the values shared by members of the planter class, and Sanderson to Texas.8 While at Morgans, he is introduced to Oliver Carter near Fairfield, who put him in touch with a Mr.Deming, who had a too-small place for sale, and not until January 7. A letter Cornelia Jane Shields to James Brandons wife states that Mr. Sometimes its a real detective work. In 1809 the property was sold at public auction to William Lock Chew for the sum of $7,000. Descendants of slave owners, slaves and freed slaves listen to a history of the plantation. Parole denied for RFK assassin Sirhan Sirhan, Ship that sank in 1894 discovered in Lake Huron, Why Fox News pushed Trump's bogus election claims, Tennessee governor says photo of him in skirt and wig irrelevant to drag show ban, Jurassic-era insect discovered at Arkansas Walmart, Why space experts want to establish a lunar time zone. Some newspapers even predicted that lawsuits like hers would proliferate. Few white Americans wished to dwell on those evils. 1841, d. 1859 in the, Elizabeth Elmina C. Ella Brandon (b. A typed transcription made by Helen Rayne in 1999 (with parenthetical comments by Rayne throughout) was donated to the Dolph Briscoe Center by the Historic Natchez Foundation in 2001. Even the judge who presided over Wood's case, Phillip Swing, viewed it narrowly. Misses a dinner invitation from Graves. "Not so many complications of a legal nature arise out of the old relations of master and slave as might have been expected," the New-York Tribune argued with barely concealed relief. Finally, they announced a verdict that few expected: We, the Jury in the above entitled cause, do find for the plaintiff and assess her damages in the premises at Two thousand five hundred dollars.. MORE VIRGINIA SLAVERY RESOURCES. Snowfall, the deepest I ever saw in the South. Begins December 31 entry, bitter cold, water freezes on the shelf inside his cabin. The Whites lived in Covington, too, and in the spring of 1853 they convinced Ward to pay them $300 for the right to sell Wood and pocket the proceeds himselfprovided he could get her. Brandon Hall Plantation, west side. Upper Brandon Plantation: William Byrd Harrison, George Harrison Byrd, Francis Otway Byrd, Harry C. Thompson, Fred E. Watkins, Jim Justice This mansion on the outskirts of Natchez was once the centerpiece of a large cotton plantation located on the Natchez Trace. Her official freedom papers, at a courthouse in Cincinnati, had been destroyed in an 1849 fire, and her kidnappers had confiscated her personal copy. Slaves from West Africa were first brought over to grow rice. Improve this listing Property amenities Free parking That's why, at the end . Read more Suggest edits to improve what we show. His overseers are John Lyle (born in Kentucky) and William Hurley (born in Scotland, accompanied by his wife Rose). I whippped him a little. Anthony has the money. Robertson offers him use of land, offers to put the deal in writing in Belton. This article is a selection from the September 2019 issue of Smithsonian magazine. (In fact, free black Northerners had been kidnapped for years before the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850.) After Brandon and his wife died, the property changed hand numerous times, and with each sale, the vast acreage diminished. At Boone Hall Plantation Black history is not something that is defined by a certain time of year. Negro slave owners were listed in 29 Kentucky counties (see below). The traders put Wood up for sale at Natchezs infamous Forks of the Road slave market. H. Weir of Centerville, who hit me a dig.. #ResearchRoadTrip pic.twitter.com/7lk820jLbt. The search for enslaved ancestors requires research in the records of slaveholding families. Gerod Brandon appears on the 1864 County Tax Rolls for Robertson County with no real estate, but 270 slaves valued at $108,000, as well as $5000 in Confederate Notes and $6,125 in horses, cattle, and other property. Begins December 27 entry. One Sunday afternoon in April 1853, Boyd tricked Wood into taking a carriage ride across the river. whole race. (pg 44a-44b), Adams County, Mississippi: 217 enslaved people were listed under Gerard Brandon, trustee for children. 70 slave dwellings were also noted. In the eyes of Kentucky law, Wood was a slave. In November 2015, I retraced some of this route by car when coming back from Natchez. We may receive a commission for purchases made through these links. , had a good dinner & supper, spent a pleasant evening. Asthma & cramp colic. Begins November 13th & 14th" entry, discusses hunting for deer. II, p. 817, which claimed that at the beginning of the Civil War, Brandon owned a million dollars worth of slaves. Begins November 2 & 3 entry, attends a public sale of someones effects. The land on which Brandon Hall now stands first passed into private ownership as a royal grant from the Spanish King Carlos III in 1788. Tour Rosedown Plantation State Historic Site in St. Francisville during one of its daily, hourly tours. His ancestors were slaves here, but the longtime math and science teacher at McComb High School felt no anger or bitterness. Left for home 4th Feby 1864. On Sunday attended church in forenoon, saw a fistfight in eve, & a company pass having in charge nine deserters. Wood secretly told her story to a sympathetic innkeeper who followed her to Lexington, where a lawsuit was filed on her behalf asserting that she was free. A Brief History of the Salem Witch Trials. Her official freedom papers, at a courthouse in Cincinnati, had been destroyed in an 1849 fire, and her kidnappers had confiscated her personal copy. Unfortunately Charlotte Brandon Stanton Merrill had little time to enjoy her undivided ownership of Brandon Hall because on January 27, 1914 the plantation, house and land, was sold at auction to one George Hightower as a result of default on promissory notes held by the First Natchez Bank. I first learned of Wood from two interviews she gave to reporters in the 1870s. The $2,500 verdict, the largest ever of its kind, offers evidence of the generational impact such awards can have. In 1889, he was one of the first African-American graduates of what became Northwestern University's School of Law. The Civil War began, followed in 1863 by the Emancipation Proclamation, but Wood's ordeal continued. This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. ) If some of the enslaved people owned by James Brandon were also taken to Texas by Gerard, it is possible that this is the woman referred to in the journal, who would have been a teenager at the time. The Unknown No Longer: A Database of Virginia Slave Names website is the first online resource listing slaves names across all of slaveholding Virginia, the nations oldest state which had the largest enslaved population, numbering a half million people, at the outbreak of the Civil War in 1861, society officials said. It went through a number of owners before becoming an inn and event venue. The building is an example of the fast-disappearing service structures that once were a ubiquitous feature of the Southern agrarian landscape. Fortunately for this country the institution of slavery has passed away, he had instructed the jurors, and we should not bring our particular ideas of the legality or morality of an institution of that character into Court or the jury-box. He had cautioned the jurors against an excessive award, claimingfalselythat many former slaveholders already regretted slavery. The other refers to Sandys desire, like his, to hear from home. It is currently used as a successful wedding venue and bed & breakfast. In order to identify records of interest, you must first examine the genealogy of slaveholding families. His wife Charlotte (age 49) and his children Mary (15) and Charles (5) are listed as fellow members of the household. A native Kentuckian who had recently moved to Covington, just across the Ohio River from Cincinnati, Ward became a deputy sheriff in 1853. But Gerard Rickey notes in an email from November 23, 2016, that there is also a Henrietta mentioned in the memoir of James Brandons son Gerard Brandon (the nephew of the GB who owned Henrietta Wood). On July 1, 1863, just days before the U.S. Army arrived to free thousands of people around Natchez, Brandon, determined to defy emancipation, forced some 300 slaves to march 400 miles to Texas, far beyond the reach of federal soldiers. On the page opposite the list of deaths, there are also notations about Middletons expenses. Swing also told the jurors to focus on Woods kidnapping in assessing the case, and the vast majority of freed people could not show, as Wood did, that they had been re-enslaved. Slave traders met the demand by buying slaves in Virginia, Kentucky and Maryland and selling them in the cotton states. Wood was an early contributor to a long tradition of formerly enslaved people and their descendants demanding redress. Wood suffered another, unexpected setback in 1874 when her lawyer was murdered by a clients husband in an unrelated divorce case. The advanced search fields include the slaves first name or last name; gender; occupation; owners last name; date range; and record type. The first part is an inventory of stores taken on the first day on which Forster Clarke entered on the management of the Estate (11 July 1803). Today, it remains virtually unknown, even as reparations for slavery are once again in the headlines. She was later removed from the cotton fields and put to work in Brandon's house. It once belonged to Captain Isaac Ross, who freed his slaves at the time of his death. Descendants identify the man in this photograph, found on Ancestry.com, as Brandon. Most rural enslaved people were owned by masters who had 10-20 enslaved people, who often were housed in closer proximity to masters, perhaps sharing housing, and perhaps having access to closer relations with their masters than plantation slaves had. He then traveled on to Texas via these stops, according to a list on an unnumbered page of his journal: If he followed marked roads out of Alexandria to the Sabine River, then he would have gone through Natchitoches, but that road would have taken him to Milam, Texas, not Sabinetown. Most furnishings along with the commercial equipment & supplies will stay. I cant quite tell my age, Wood recalled in a newspaper interview in 1876, but she knew she was born enslaved to the Tousey family between 1818 and 1820. The corn we sold yesterday brought 3.15$ per barrel. All they needed was someone to do the dirty work of enslaving her again. The New York Times observed, "Files of newspapers of the five years following the passage of the Fugitive Slave Law are filled with stories of the kidnapping of free men in free States." Anyone who knows me well knows that my imaginary dream house is a Spanish villa or a Colonial period house. Arrival of Jim and Middleton, and Sanford was behind with 58 negroes & some stock. Jim and Brandon go to see Oliver Carter to try and rent his place on the Brassos. No rental, but he gets corn. Mandys child died. Reprinted with permission from Smithsonian Enterprises. Sanford has gone to Monroe, returned about the 1st, and the authorities say I have not had any negroes in their hands. Hears that the Yankees had not molested anyone in our neighborhood, & all were getting on pretty well. Sanford saw a family wash their feet in the skillet in which they had cooked their supper! Some pictures of the Brandon cemetery are on Flickr. This site contains affiliate links to products. In the 1870 census, a 52-year-old Gerard Brandon is listed as a planter in Adams County, Mississippi. Gwendolyn Midlo Hall, a New Orleans native who has devoted much of her life to the study of slavery, spent 15 years in the courthouses of Louisiana, as well as in archives in Spain, France and. See Goodspeeds Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Mississippi, vol. Did you encounter any technical issues? That story began two centuries ago with Wood's birth in northern Kentucky. erath county rant and rave; springfield, mo jail inmates; essex county hospital center jobs; blanching vs non blanching erythema; star trek next generation cast salaries When possible, I have also noted the dates of Brandons entries. But these people were writing down their inventory as if you would for insurance purposes. Robert Payne, who attended Saturdays workshop, said hes been researching his family for the past 15 years, but finding information about his ancestors wasnt easy. Brandon was one of many Refugees to Texas who took Refugeed Slaves there to escape emancipating Union armies. If you purchase an item through these links, we receive a commission. Stayed at a house in which the Ladies (3) of the house washed their feet (in our presence) in the common wash pan. S. Able who owns 3500 acres on the John Welch and Joseph Welch grants.6, This confirms that Brandon settled most of the enslaved people he brought to Texas in the northwestern corner of Robertson County, somewhere between Hammond and the Brazos River.7. Brandon Hall Plantation, built ca 1856 by Gerard Brandon, U.S. 61, Washington. They note that disfranchisement and segregation only worsened the racial wealth gap, which was established under slavery and remains today. Eats water melons at Joness, drinks a mint julep, has dinner with good soup & a peach cobbler. On Monday (August 17?) The plaintiff was Henrietta Wood, described by a reporter at the time as "a spectacled negro woman, apparently 60 years old." Wood was never allowed to testify, however, and Ward denied her claims. Our brave participants started in a near-pitch black maze through the auditorium. PIN IT Sharing is caring! Ward began to plot with a group of these notorious slave catchers. The gang located Woods employer in Cincinnati, a boardinghouse keeper named Rebecca Boyd, and paid her to join their scheme. When the Horlbeck family bought the plantation in 1817, they opened up a brickyard and began producing bricks using the clay from the nearby Wampacheone Creek. Notations on page 5 of his pocketbook indicate that on July 1, he first paid $140 for a ferry at Quitmans (a reference to a contemporary place in Adams County known as Quitmans Landing and referred to in papers and military records of that time; it was north of Natchez). 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